Qhov zoo ntawm CBCT?
Dental cone beam CT (cone beam CT), tseem hu ua digital volumetric tomography (digital volumetric tomography) yog ib lub tshuab tshiab tsim nyob rau xyoo 1990s. Vim tias nws tuaj yeem tso saib cov qauv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov kab mob hauv peb qhov ntev (axial, coronal, thiab sagittal), thiab zam qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov duab sib tshooj ntawm ob sab duab, nws tau siv dav hauv cov chaw kho mob thaum nws tau pib. Piv nrog rau cov tsoos CT, CBCT muaj ntau yam zoo: ① Tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob ntau npaum li cas ② Daim ntawv thov dav heev ③High spatial daws teeb meem thiab cov duab zoo ④ Yooj yim rau kev thov.
1.1 Daim ntawv thov hauv kev cog hniav
Hauv kev phais kho hniav, qhov zoo tshaj plaws preoperative tsim yog tus yuam sij rau txoj kev vam meej ntawm kev cog hniav, thiab qhov zoo tshaj plaws tsim los ntawm kev nkag siab zoo thiab meej ntawm lub puab tsaig. Xaiv ib qho kev cog cog uas tsim nyog thiab muab cov cog cog rau hauv qhov chaw raug yog tus yuam sij rau kev vam meej ntawm kev cog qoob loo. tus yuam sij. Yav dhau los, stomatologists niaj hnub tshuaj xyuas lub puab tsaig ua ntej kev kho hniav implant phais siv nkhaus nto tomography, uas tau ntsib ntau yam teeb meem hauv kev txiav txim seb lub puab tsaig puas muaj cov pob txha txaus kom haum rau kev cog qoob loo. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias qhov nkhaus ntawm qhov tomography muaj qhov yuam kev hauv qhov siab ntawm cov pob txha alveolar, thiab nws tsis tsim nyog siv cov dav hlau nkhaus ua ntej kev phais. Tom qab ua tiav ntau lub dav hlau rov tsim kho cov duab ntawm CBCT thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem ua kom pom tseeb qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov chaw soj ntsuam thiab ib puag ncig cov txheej txheem anatomical tseem ceeb, thiab tuaj yeem nrhiav cov qauv tseem ceeb xws li cov kwj dej mandibular, lub hlwb foramen, mandibular foramen, incisor foramen thiab maxillary sinus pem teb, thiab txawm tias cov ntaub ntawv no tseem tuaj yeem siv los ntsuas cov pob txha ceev ntawm cov software tshwj xeeb, xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog tsim nyog, thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom tsis txhob muaj pob txha sab, nkag mus rau ntawm qhov ntswg kab noj hniav, maxillary sinus pem teb, thiab kev puas tsuaj rau cov qauv tseem ceeb xws li cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha. Txo cov teeb meem.
1.2 Kev taw qhia rau cov hniav cuam tshuam
CBCT thev naus laus zis siv cov ntaub ntawv ntim ntim los ntawm ib lub sij hawm raug los ua peb-dimensional reconstruction ntawm cov duab los ntawm txhua lub kaum sab xis. Los ntawm kev txiav cov axial nto ntawm cov ces kaum sib txawv, cov hniav cuam tshuam tuaj yeem pom los ntawm ntau cov lus qhia, thiab kev soj ntsuam ntau yam haum rau tib neeg lub zeem muag tuaj yeem hloov kho raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev kuaj mob. Lub spatial kev nkag siab thiab realism ntawm daim duab yog kho kom zoo, qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm anatomical yog qhov tseeb, thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm peb-dimensional zoo ntawm cov qauv anatomical thiab txoj hauj lwm ntawm qhov chaw nyob ib sab yog tag nrho tso tawm, uas yog pab tau rau tus kws phais los txiav txim rau qhov chaw. tshwj xeeb txoj hauj lwm, hom, eruption kev taw qhia, thiab qhov kev hloov chaw, qhov tob ntawm lub buccal thiab lingual sab, thiab kev sib raug zoo nrog cov nyob ib puag ncig cov qauv yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau lub formulation ntawm txoj kev phais thiab txoj kev kho mob.
1.3 Kev sib txawv ntawm lub puab tsaig thiab cov qog
Lub anatomical qauv ntawm lub qhov ncauj thiab maxillofacial cheeb tsam yog complex, nrog ntau overlapping ntaub so ntswg. Txawm hais tias kev yees duab X-ray ib txwm tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qee qhov mob (xws li lub puab tsaig hlav), thiab tseem tuaj yeem ua kom pom kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov hniav, tab sis vim nws cov duab ob sab, cov duab sib tshooj ntau, thiab lub puab tsaig. cysts thiab qog feem ntau cuam tshuam lub orbit, qhov ntswg kab noj hniav, maxillary sinus, pterygopalatine recess, thiab txawm lub pob txha taub hau puag, uas muaj tej yam kev txwv nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov kuaj mob cysts, benign thiab malignant qog. Qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm CBCT thev naus laus zis yog ua kom rov tsim kho peb-seem thiab txiav cov duab qub scanned, tso saib cov qauv anatomical ntawm qhov nyuaj ntawm tib neeg lub cev hauv daim ntawv peb sab, thiab nkag siab txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov chaw thiab qhov tseem ceeb. Cov qauv anatomical xws li maxillary sinus, neural raj, thiab pob txha taub hau. Nws yog qhov pab tau rau kev tshawb pom ntxov ntawm lub puab tsaig thiab kev qhia meej ntawm qhov ntau ntawm cov kab mob hauv qhov chaw peb sab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev koom tes ntawm cov pob txha buccolingual, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev txiav txim siab txog kev phais thiab tsim cov phiaj xwm kev phais kom ntxaws thiab raug.
1.4 Daim ntawv thov hauv endodontics
Vim hais tias kev npaj ntawm cov hniav ntawm qhov ncauj tsis nyob rau tib lub dav hlau thiab muaj ib tug tej yam physiological curvature, zoo tib yam intraoral X-rays feem ntau projected los ntawm txawv cov ces kaum, thiab peb cov ntsiab lus ntawm zaj duab xis, hniav, thiab X-ray raj tsis tuaj yeem perpendicular rau ib txoj kab ncaj nraim. Cov duab sib tshooj sib tshooj thiab tsis tuaj yeem qhia meej txog cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov hauv paus hniav, uas ua rau tus kws kho mob yuam kev thiab ua rau cov kwj dej hauv paus tsis tuaj yeem thaum lub sij hawm kho cov kwj dej hauv paus. Hauv kev kuaj mob ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov hauv paus hniav, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau txiav txim siab uas cov hauv paus hniav muaj qhov txhab, qhov degree thiab qhov chaw ntawm qhov txhab, thiab seb puas muaj qhov txawv txav ntawm cov pob txha ntawm thiab ib ncig ntawm cov hauv paus hniav. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab CBCT thev naus laus zis tau txais cov ntaub ntawv qub dhau los ntawm ib zaug raug, vim tias nws qhov kev daws teeb meem siab, cov duab tau txais yog txheej txheej zoo, nrog cov ciam teb meej, thiab cov kwj dej hauv paus thiab sab hauv paus kwj dej tau tsim kom pom tseeb, thiab muaj. cov duab zoo los ntawm medullary kab noj hniav mus rau apex. Daim duab hauv paus kwj dej kuj tseem tuaj yeem pom qhov microstructure ntawm cov hniav ntawm lub cev, lub cev ligament, thiab pob txha trabecula kom meej meej. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias kev txheeb xyuas qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kwj dej hauv paus los ntawm kev pom peb sab muaj qhov tseem ceeb qhia qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kho cov kwj dej hauv paus.
1.5 Daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv temporomandibular leeg kab mob
Temporomandibular joint disorders (Tempoomandibular disorders, TMD) yog ib yam kab mob uas nquag tshwm sim thiab muaj ntau yam kab mob sib txawv. Txawm hais tias ib txwm siv (TMJ) txoj kev kuaj X-ray yog qhov yooj yim, siv tau zoo thiab muaj keeb kwm siv ntev, nws yog txoj kev siv ntau tshaj plaws hauv TMJ radiology kuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias nws yog ob sab duab thiab cuam tshuam los ntawm txoj haujlwm anatomical nyuaj, muaj ntau qhov sib tshooj ntawm cov pob txha hauv cov duab X-ray. Kev soj ntsuam ntawm qhov tseem ceeb xws li: kev hloov pauv hauv qhov chaw sib koom ua ke, kev hloov pauv hauv condylar motion, kev hloov ntawm cov pob txha zoo, thiab kev kho mob ntau qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm condyle thiab pob txha tshwm sim ntawm lub cev, uas yuav deformed thiab qhov muag plooj vim qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub cev thiab lub kaum sab xis, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau kev kuaj mob. Thaum luam theej duab nrog CBCT thev naus laus zis, dhau los ntawm txoj hauv kev kom raug, cov ntawv luam theej duab tuaj yeem pom tseeb cov duab ntawm cov pob qij txha, cov condyles, thiab condyles tiag tiag, thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam tiag tiag ntawm qhov chaw sib koom ua ke hauv nruab nrab ntawm kev sib koom tes, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm nws. . Kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub kaum sab xis projection. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, peb-dimensional reconstruction technology yuav siv tau kom tau lub coronal thiab sagittal txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub ntev axis ntawm lub condyle, kev hloov ntawm ob chav condyle nto thiab tawg ntawm lub condyle.
1.6 Daim ntawv thov hauv qhov ncauj thiab maxillofacial trauma kuaj
Vim lub complex anatomical qauv ntawm lub qhov ncauj thiab maxillofacial cheeb tsam, cov pa X-ray dluab muaj ntau pob txha overlaps thiab cuam tshuam los ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm projection ces kaum. Cov ntaub ntawv kho mob ntseeg tau feem ntau tsis tau txais, uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob phais. Cov ntaub ntawv ntim tau los ntawm CBCT kev kuaj xyuas yog ua tiav los ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Daim duab tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog kom meej meej thiab peb-dimensionally tso saib cov pob txha tawg qhov chaw, cov duab thiab cov pob txha tawg, tab sis kuj intuitively xav txog qhov ntev thiab kev taw qhia ntawm txoj kab tawg, qhov deb ntawm cov pob txha tawg thiab pob txha tawg. Anatomical kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov pob txha nyob ib sab.
